Personal profile
Research Interests
Sometime during the Middle Stone Age, in sub-Saharan Africa, Homo sapiens evolved biologically, behaviourally and cognitively. My research agenda is geared towards the generation of knowledge about all three of these evolutionary processes in the southern African context and how they relate to each other. The long-term aim is to create an integrated, detailed and holistic understanding of the evolution of our species in the region since about 500 000 years ago.
Expertise related to UN Sustainable Development Goals
In 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. This person’s work contributes towards the following SDG(s):
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SDG 2 Zero Hunger -
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being -
SDG 4 Quality Education -
SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation -
SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy -
SDG 8 Decent Work and Economic Growth -
SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure -
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities -
SDG 13 Climate Action
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Collaborations and top research areas from the last five years
Recent external collaboration on country/territory level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots or
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Direct evidence for poison use on microlithic arrowheads in Southern Africa at 60,000 years ago
Isaksson, S., Högberg, A. & Lombard, M., Jan 2026, In: Science advances. 12, 2, eadz3281.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access1 Citation (Scopus) -
Homo sapiens-specific evolution unveiled by ancient southern African genomes
Jakobsson, M., Bernhardsson, C., McKenna, J., Hollfelder, N., Vicente, M., Edlund, H., Coutinho, A., Sjödin, P., Brink, J., Zipfel, B., Malmström, H., Lombard, M. & Schlebusch, C. M., 5 Feb 2026, In: Nature. 650, 8100, p. 156-163 8 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access2 Citations (Scopus) -
Agency at a distance: learning causal connections
Gärdenfors, P. & Lombard, M., Jul 2025, In: Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences. 24, 3, p. 789-807 19 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access3 Citations (Scopus) -
A Middle Stone Age Lithic Assemblage from Wonderboom, Gauteng, South Africa
Caruana, M. V., Lotter, M. G., Wurz, S. & Lombard, M., 2025, (Accepted/In press) In: Lithic Technology.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access -
Bowhunting in the Magdalenian? A tip cross-sectional area exploration of five antler point types from southwest France
Langley, M. C. & Lombard, M., Oct 2025, In: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 66, 105310.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access1 Citation (Scopus)
Press/Media
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Oldest Evidence of Arrow Poison Use Discovered in South Africa’s Stone Age Arrowheads
13/02/26
1 item of Media coverage
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World's oldest poisoned arrowheads were coated with toxins from deadly onion-like plant, researchers say
19/01/26 → 20/01/26
3 items of Media coverage
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Researchers find world’s oldest poisoned arrowheads coated with toxins from deadly, onion-like plant
19/01/26
1 item of Media coverage
Press/Media
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ANCIENT KNOW-HOW: KZN team finds 'oldest evidence' of arrow poison use by humans on 60,000-year-old arrowheads
14/01/26
1 item of Media coverage
Press/Media