Molecular interaction between plants, pathogens and pests; and, the biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi from soils with low anthropogenic disturbance. We use the wheat-Diuraphis noxia interaction as plant interactions model and this allows the study of non-coding RNA in the interaction, effectors deployed by the aphid and wheat perception of these effectors. The soil fungal biodiversity project focuses on both the isolation of fungi and the metabarcoding of all fungi from selected soils.